Stop Reporting Rankings, Royston G King of Quantum Scaling Partners on Measuring AI Search

Reporting practices in search marketing have not caught up with how discovery actually works. Monthly reports still lead with keyword position tables, while a growing share of commercial research happens inside AI assistants where position does not exist. Citation is binary. A brand appears in an answer, or it does not. There is no third place.

Royston G King argues that reporting practices have not caught up with the mechanism. He studied business at the University of Southern California and has since been accepted into Columbia University. He founded Master Scaling in 2018 and Quantum Scaling Partners as its selective arm, and has spent close to a decade across search visibility, media placement, and reputation work. A Forbes 30 Under 30 Monaco honouree whose commentary has appeared in Entrepreneur and Inc., he now pushes clients toward a different set of numbers entirely.

Building useful measurement means replacing familiar metrics with ones that describe the new mechanism. Several are worth adopting.

Prompt-level citation rate, segmented by engine. Define a set of prompts that reflect how buyers actually ask about a category. Run them at intervals across each major assistant. Report the percentage in which the brand appears. This is the closest equivalent to a ranking report and the most directly useful number available. Segmentation by engine is essential because source pools differ dramatically between platforms, and an aggregate figure conceals which channel is working.

Mention rate alongside citation rate. Being named in the body of an answer without a linked citation still influences purchasing behaviour, and analysis of large mention datasets has found that appearing in the response text corresponds with substantially higher citation rates than not appearing. Tracking both separates two distinct outcomes that a single metric would blur.

Position and framing within the answer. Being named first as a leading option differs materially from appearing in a closing list of alternatives. So does the descriptive language attached. Capturing whether a brand is described accurately, favourably, or dismissively provides information no numeric metric does.

Which specific source URL was used. This is the most operationally valuable metric available and the most frequently omitted. Knowing that a particular video, a specific discussion thread, or a trade publication article is the asset driving citation tells a team exactly where to invest next. Without it, budget allocation is guesswork.

Branded web mention volume across the open web. Because mentions correlate with AI visibility far more strongly than backlinks do, mention volume functions as a leading

indicator. It moves before citation rate moves, which makes it useful for assessing whether current activity is working before results appear in answers.

Branded search volume. A slower second-order indicator, but a meaningful one. Rising branded search suggests the category association is strengthening.

Impressions rather than clicks in conventional search. Analysis has found that the correlation between conventional search performance and AI citation strengthens considerably when measured against impressions rather than clicks. The reason is mechanical. AI systems draw from the pool of pages considered relevant to a query, not from the pages that win the click. Impressions describe that pool. Clicks describe something else.

Two methodological points determine whether any of this produces reliable information.

The first is repetition. The same query can return different sources across repeated runs, with variation measured as high as half the time in some cross-region studies. A single check of a single prompt is noise. Meaningful measurement requires running a defined prompt set repeatedly and reporting distributions rather than snapshots.

The second is expectation setting around traffic volume. AI-referred traffic remains small in absolute terms for most organisations, and teams accustomed to conventional search volumes often read the numbers as failure. Conversion behaviour tells a different story. Ahrefs reported that AI search visitors accounted for a disproportionate share of signups relative to their share of traffic, a substantial conversion advantage over conventional organic. The visitors are fewer and considerably further along in their decision process.

Reporting that leads with position tables describes a mechanism that is steadily becoming less relevant to how buyers find suppliers. Reporting built on citation rate, mention rate, source attribution, and mention volume describes what is actually happening.

Reporting that leads with position tables describes a mechanism steadily becoming less relevant to how buyers find suppliers. The measurement framework King uses at Quantum Scaling Partners is built on citation rate, mention rate, source attribution, and mention volume instead.

Connect With Royston G. King

To learn more about Royston G. King and follow his latest work, visit his official website, connect with him on Instagram and LinkedIn, or watch his latest content on YouTube.

Karen S. Bell’s Literary Journey from Brooklyn to the Boundaries of Imagination

The Brooklyn-born author has built a body of fiction shaped by women’s lives, personal loss, social concern, and a lasting curiosity about what may exist beyond ordinary experience.

Karen S. Bell’s life as a writer began with the image of a solitary light bulb hanging from a ceiling by a chain.

She was studying at Brooklyn College when an English instructor asked the class to begin with a single thought and allow a story to develop from it. Bell pictured the bulb, then found herself writing about two friends in the Alaskan wilderness who flew single-engine planes and helped people reach remote fishing areas. The story came so quickly that she could barely keep pace. The experience revealed an instinct that would remain with her for decades: once she began writing, a world could open.

Bell grew up in Brooklyn and carried that early connection with language into adulthood. Marriage and motherhood arrived young, as they often did for women of her generation, and writing remained a quiet ambition while family life took priority. She later earned a master’s degree in mass communication and entered professional settings where words became part of her daily work. Those years also gave her subjects.

Her first novel, Walking with Elephants, emerged from her life as a working mother and from what she observed among women in the workplace. Bell saw capable women competing for a limited number of positions in organizations shaped by male leadership. Many also carried the larger share of parenting, household management, and emotional responsibility at home.

The title came from the social structure of elephant herds. Female elephants live together under the guidance of a matriarch, raising and protecting their young within a cooperative group. Bell found the image meaningful. It offered a way to think about female leadership, shared wisdom, and the strength women might find in supporting one another. Through humor and close social observation, Walking with Elephants explores ambition, friendship, motherhood, office politics, and the strain of meeting several expectations at once.

The novel established a quality that appears throughout Bell’s work. Her fiction grows from experience and expands through satire, imagination, and larger questions.

Sunspots drew from a far more painful chapter. Bell was 30 when her first husband, a private pilot, died in a plane crash. She was left with two young children and a future that had changed without warning. In the years that followed, she became interested in life after death, spiritual communication, near-death experiences, and the possibility that human consciousness might continue in some form.

That search found its way into Sunspots, a novel involving grief, ghosts, time travel, love, and cosmic connection. Writing it allowed Bell to approach loss through imagination while giving hope a place beside sorrow. The book also examines identity within marriage and the ways a relationship can encourage personal growth or quietly absorb it. Bell’s own life had shown her how love can take very different forms, and that understanding gave the novel emotional depth.

When a Stranger Comes moved her writing into darker comedy. The novel centers on a successful author and a dangerous bargain, using the familiar idea of a deal with the devil to explore ambition, literary culture, corporate influence, and the price of success. Bell created a glamorous publishing life in fiction and then complicated it with questions of integrity and power. The result reflects her ability to treat serious ideas with wit.

Her environmental concerns became central in Like a Lily Among the Thorns. Bell has long been troubled by climate change, overdevelopment, plastic pollution, and the ease with which people acknowledge a crisis while postponing action. In the novel, environmental responsibility becomes personal. Characters must decide how much change they are prepared to accept and whether awareness has value without action. Bell values rhythm, cadence, and sentences that carry ideas clearly, even when the subject is urgent.

Bell’s path into independent publishing became another stage in her development. Walking with Elephants was initially released through a small press that later closed. Bell received her files and continued on her own, becoming closely involved in the presentation and production of her books while preserving the freedom to follow her own interests.

That independence suits a writer whose subjects range from working women and bereavement to environmental danger, ghosts, time, and alternate realities.

Her creative process remains intuitive. Ideas often develop while she is walking, sitting quietly, or thinking away from the computer. A book begins when she writes the first sentence, and the story gradually presents itself. Bell has repeatedly believed that a project might be her last, only to find another question drawing her back.

Her current work turns toward consciousness and the multiverse, including the possibility that different versions of a life might exist along separate paths. The subject extends concerns that have appeared throughout her career: choice, fate, identity, and the mystery of what lies beyond the reality people can see.

Karen S. Bell’s literary journey began in Brooklyn with a classroom exercise and an unexpected rush of words. It continued through motherhood, graduate study, professional life, loss, remarriage, independent publishing, and four distinctive novels. Across each stage, writing gave her a way to understand experience and imagine what experience could become.

The solitary light bulb from that first story offered a small circle of illumination. Bell has spent the years since then following its glow into wider worlds.

Fintech Infrastructure Is Becoming the Secret Advantage in Successful Fundraising

By Audrey Denise B. Cachuela

Here’s an uncomfortable truth for fintech founders: a flawless demo and a polished pitch deck can still send you home from an investor meeting empty-handed, undone by something nobody put on a slide. Fintech infrastructure, the unglamorous engineering underneath the product, has become one of the sharpest tools investors use to separate serious contenders from companies that will need a full rebuild the moment they try to scale.

The term covers more ground than it sounds like it should, spanning how a platform authenticates users, how it stores and encrypts financial data, how it monitors transactions for fraud, and how quickly it recovers when something breaks on a Saturday night. Fintech infrastructure for startups now gets scrutinized with the same rigor once reserved for mature, publicly traded companies, which changes what founders need ready before they ever walk into a pitch meeting.

AI coding assistants, low-code platforms, and prebuilt APIs have compressed the time it takes to launch a financial product down to a matter of weeks, changing what a small team can attempt on a tight runway. A founder with a strong idea and a laptop can now build something that once required a full engineering department.

That speed carries a shadow side: the same tools that let a two-person team ship a working prototype by Friday also make it easy to bury architectural shortcuts under a UI that looks investor-ready. Engineering teams that work with fintech clients, including firms like Redwerk, describe founders who assume fundraising comes down to the pitch and then get caught off guard when a technical due diligence call goes sideways.

Fundraising conversations changed as a result. A pitch that would have closed a round five years ago now needs to survive a level of technical scrutiny most founders never planned for, and the companies that treat this as an afterthought tend to find out the hard way.

Fundraising Used to Be a Story. Now It’s an Audit Too

For years, startup fundraising centered on market size, product-market fit, and customer traction. Those fundamentals still matter enormously, but they no longer stand alone. Technical due diligence has gotten sharper, and investors have learned the hard way that software built quickly without proper architecture often needs to be rebuilt right as a company starts to scale. Rebuilds like that eat into product roadmaps, open the door to security vulnerabilities, and inflate operational risk at the exact moment a company can least afford it.

This scrutiny hits fintech especially hard, and for good reason. Financial software touches regulated systems, sensitive customer data, and live payment networks, so every API integration, identity check, and transaction workflow adds to a company’s risk profile whether the founder is thinking about it or not. Software due diligence for fintech startups now happens as early as the first seed conversation, well before later funding rounds.

Financial firms carry the second-highest average data breach cost of any industry, trailing only healthcare (Source: IBM, 2024). That single stat explains a lot about why security architecture gets such intense attention during due diligence. Investors have seen what a breach costs a company that skipped the fundamentals, and they don’t want to bet on the next headline.

Regulators are paying just as much attention. Financial institutions remain fully responsible when AI-powered customer service tools give customers inaccurate or unreliable information, and poor chatbot deployment can expose a company to real legal risk under existing consumer protection law (Source: Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, 2023). Governance and testing matter just as much as the AI model itself, and investors know that a company that hasn’t thought this through is a company still carrying undiscovered liability.

Building Compliant Fintech Software That Can Survive Due Diligence

Artificial intelligence has genuinely lowered the barrier to building sophisticated financial software, and founders can now prototype with a fraction of the engineers a similar product once required. That’s a real advantage for early-stage fintech startups working with limited runway, and it’s reshaped what fintech software development looks like at the earliest stages of a company’s life.

The same speed is also a trap if nobody is watching closely. AI-generated code accelerates development, but it frequently introduces security weaknesses or inconsistent implementation patterns when nobody reviews it carefully, and secure software development still depends on rigorous testing regardless of how the code got written in the first place (Source: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2022).

Konstantin Klyagin, CEO of the software development firm Redwerk, has described this as AI accelerating engineering work while engineering discipline continues to carry the real weight underneath the product. Building a fintech product that can survive contact with real money still requires experienced developers, dedicated software quality assurance, and architects who understand how financial systems behave under actual production load. Investors have gotten good at spotting the difference between software that looks impressive on stage and software that’s actually ready for production-scale financial operations.

Speed and testing discipline solve half the problem. The other half is compliance, and it tends to get treated as a separate conversation that happens later, once the product has traction. That separation is exactly where founders run into trouble, since one of the most common mistakes early fintech teams make is treating fintech compliance as a phase that happens after product-market fit shows up. In practice, compliance shapes architecture from day one, whether a founder plans for it or not.

Authentication, authorization, encryption, audit logging, transaction monitoring, disaster recovery, and data governance all get dramatically harder to bolt on once real customers are already moving real money through the platform. Experienced engineering teams push founders to think past a bare-minimum MVP for exactly this reason. A minimum viable product should still lay a technical foundation that later compliance requirements can build on, since skipping that step usually means gutting and rebuilding the system once real customers and real regulatory obligations arrive together.

Real-World Proof That Payment Infrastructure Pays Off

The link between engineering quality and fundraising outcomes gets a lot easier to see with an actual example. Union54, an African fintech company that built infrastructure letting businesses issue payment cards through APIs, spent serious effort on reliable backend systems capable of supporting regulated financial services before it became known for its funding milestones.

Redwerk’s quality assurance team worked alongside Union54 to test the platform’s API endpoints, automate regression testing, validate payment workflows, and build release confidence as the product evolved under a tight two-month deadline ahead of Y Combinator Demo Day. Union54 secured a $3 million seed round shortly after graduating from the program, then extended that seed round to a total of $15 million roughly six months later (Source: QAwerk, 2024).

Nobody should attribute that funding to software quality alone. Market opportunity, team, traction, and competitive positioning all factored in too. But the story still illustrates something real: investors back ambitious fintech businesses more readily when the technology underneath demonstrates it can hold up under pressure.

There’s a second lesson buried in the same story that founders tend to skip past. Union54 grew out of the team behind Zazu, a fintech company that had already earned Mastercard Principal Membership before its founders launched the card-issuing platform (Source: TechCrunch, 2021). That earlier track record inside a heavily regulated payment network gave the founders credibility long before Union54 ever sat down with a Y Combinator interviewer, a reminder that engineering reputation tends to carry forward from one venture to the next the same way a founder’s business reputation does.

The broader takeaway extends past any single company. Founders evaluating their own payment infrastructure can ask a version of the same question investors already ask: if a due diligence team spent a week testing this system the way QAwerk tested Union54’s, what would they find? The honest answer often points to exactly where engineering effort should go next, long before a term sheet forces the question.

Why Fintech Infrastructure Becomes a Competitive Advantage

What happened with Union54 shows up across fintech investing more broadly. Investors evaluating a seed-stage startup look for founders who weigh risk carefully, regardless of whether the software itself is flawless. Strong engineering practices communicate something beyond raw technical skill: they show a founder understands where shortcuts create future liabilities and prioritizes long-term value over a shinier demo.

Security, customer trust, regulatory compliance, system reliability, and product velocity all trace back to the quality of the infrastructure sitting underneath a fintech product. Founders who invest early in architecture built to handle new demands tend to expand into new products and new markets with far less disruption than companies forced into emergency rebuilds under investor or regulator pressure, since a platform built to bend under new requirements needs far less surgery than one built to do only what it does today.

That same infrastructure quality is becoming one of the few genuine differentiators fintech founders have left. AI development tools have made it possible for a lot of startups to build similar features on similar timelines, which means two competing products can look nearly identical from the outside by the time either one reaches a demo. Execution quality, the kind that shows up in test coverage, audit trails, and how gracefully a system handles edge cases, is what separates similar-looking products now that feature parity no longer does.

This advantage doesn’t expire once the current round closes, either. A seed-stage investor deciding whether to lead a company’s next round, or a growth-stage investor looking at a company for the first time, both end up asking a version of the same infrastructure question the earliest investors asked. Founders who treat it as an ongoing discipline carry that credibility forward, while the ones who treat their engineering foundation as a one-time hurdle to clear before a raise end up rebuilding trust from scratch at every subsequent round.

The Bottom Line for Founders Preparing to Raise

Fundraising has always come down to convincing investors that a company can execute on its vision, and in fintech specifically, execution now gets measured by more than customer growth and revenue. It gets measured by the strength of the technology holding the whole business up.

The pressure on this front is only likely to grow. As AI-assisted development becomes standard practice across the industry, investors will have less patience for founders who treat their own systems as a mystery box, and more expectation that founders can speak fluently about how their platform was tested, where the compliance shortfalls sit, and what it would take to close them. The founders who can answer those questions today are the ones setting themselves up to raise on better terms tomorrow.

Timing matters more than most founders assume. A due diligence process that surfaces weak authentication or missing audit trails does more than slow the paperwork down. It changes how an investor reads the founder’s judgment for every conversation that follows, including the ones about valuation and terms, and fixing the technology after that impression forms rarely undoes the damage.

Fintech infrastructure deserves a seat at the table well before a term sheet shows up. It functions as an investment in credibility, resilience, and long-term value that pays dividends long after the round closes. Firms like Redwerk that work specifically with fintech clients illustrate what that looks like in practice: engineering, quality assurance, and security testing built around the assumption that regulators and investors will eventually look under the hood. A founder searching for a software development partner during this stage is usually better served by one that treats compliance and security testing as core work from the outset.

For founders preparing to raise, the architecture underneath the product matters as much as whether it works today, particularly when it comes to holding up under the kind of scrutiny a serious investor will eventually apply, long after the demo ends and the real questions begin.

NYC Congestion Pricing Kept Air Quality Stable in Year One, Health Department Report Finds

The New York City Department of Health released its first comprehensive evaluation of the Congestion Relief Zone Tolling Program on August 14, and the findings landed somewhere between vindication and disappointment for both sides of the congestion pricing debate. Air quality across the five boroughs remained stable or improved slightly during the program’s first year, continuing a two-decade trend of declining pollution. No neighborhood, including environmental justice communities along major highway corridors in the Bronx, experienced increased air pollution attributable to the tolling program.

The report tracked four traffic-related pollutants, fine particulate matter (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide, nitric oxide, and black carbon, using data from the New York City Community Air Survey (NYCCAS) monitoring network. Researchers collected readings from one full year before tolling began in January 2025 through one full year after, then isolated the effects of congestion pricing from weather patterns, seasonal shifts, and regional wildfire smoke using statistical modeling and a control site outside the program’s reach.

Health Department Data Contradicts Columbia University Findings

The South Bronx question had been the most politically charged dimension of the congestion pricing rollout. Opponents warned that drivers avoiding the $9 peak-hour toll would flood highway corridors through the Bronx, worsening air quality in neighborhoods that already carry some of the highest asthma rates in the country.

An earlier study from Columbia University researchers appeared to confirm that fear, reporting that air pollution rose in the South Bronx after tolling began. The Health Department’s evaluation reached a different conclusion, finding no increase in pollution along the Cross Bronx Expressway, the Major Deegan Expressway, or other highway corridors identified in the original environmental assessment.

NYC Health Commissioner Dr. Alister F. Martin framed the report as a data-driven answer to community concerns. The Health Department expanded its existing NYCCAS monitoring network in partnership with the MTA, the NYC Department of Transportation, and the New York State Department of Transportation specifically to evaluate tolling’s impact at the neighborhood level.

MTA Chair and CEO Janno Lieber addressed the Bronx question directly, noting that the feared pollution spillover into surrounding boroughs did not materialize. The MTA has already begun deploying mitigation funds in the borough, with the first replacement refrigerated trailer unit delivered to Hunts Point Market in December 2025 and a $20 million childhood asthma investment announced by Mayor Zohran Mamdani in May 2026.

The Revenue Story Remains Stronger Than the Air Quality Story

Where congestion pricing’s environmental impact reads as incremental, continuing an existing trend rather than accelerating it, the program’s fiscal and operational results have been more definitive. The MTA reported that tolling generated over $550 million in net revenue during its first year, exceeding initial projections of $500 million annually. That revenue backed $15 billion in bonds for capital improvements including signal upgrades on the A and C subway lines, new Staten Island Railway cars, and station accessibility projects.

Traffic volume in the Congestion Relief Zone, covering Manhattan south of 60th Street, fell 11% year over year. Rush-hour crossing times into the zone improved by as much as 51% at some entry points. Subway ridership grew 7%, reaching 1.3 billion trips in 2025, approximately 85% of pre-pandemic levels. Bus speeds within the toll zone also increased on weekdays.

A separate Cornell University study published in December 2025 found a 22% reduction in fine particulate matter within the toll zone during its first six months, a sharper finding than the Health Department’s more conservative citywide assessment. The divergence likely reflects differences in methodology and scope, with the Cornell team using daily data from 42 monitors across the metropolitan area while the Health Department study prioritized neighborhood-level readings over a longer time frame.

Critics Question Whether Results Justify the Toll

The Health Department report did not quiet congestion pricing’s opponents. The finding that air quality was “not any different because of congestion pricing,” as Dr. Martin phrased it, gave critics an opening to argue that the program’s environmental rationale has not been borne out. Social media reaction over the weekend reflected that divide, with some New Yorkers questioning whether a $9-per-trip toll is justified by a program that maintained existing trends rather than producing measurable new gains.

City and state officials pushed back by pointing to the program’s combined benefits. NYC DOT Commissioner Mike Flynn cited more than $120 million invested in air quality and public health initiatives through the mitigation program, including the Clean Trucks Program. State Senator Gustavo Rivera, whose Bronx district includes communities along the Major Deegan, said he was encouraged that the data showed no worsening conditions in environmental justice neighborhoods.

The congestion pricing debate is heading into its second year with the fundamental tension unresolved. The program has clearly reduced traffic volume, generated substantial transit revenue, and held the line on neighborhood air quality. Whether holding the line constitutes a public health victory or an expensive status quo depends on which side of the toll zone a New Yorker stands.

FAQs

What did the NYC Health Department report find about congestion pricing and air quality?

The report found that air quality across the city remained stable or improved slightly during the first year of congestion pricing, continuing a 20-year trend of declining pollution. No neighborhood experienced increased air pollution attributable to the tolling program.

Did congestion pricing worsen air quality in the South Bronx?

The Health Department found no increase in pollution along major highway corridors in the Bronx, including the Cross Bronx Expressway and Major Deegan Expressway. This contradicts an earlier Columbia University study that reported rising pollution in the South Bronx after tolling began.

How much revenue has congestion pricing generated for the MTA?

The program generated over $550 million in net revenue during its first year, exceeding initial projections of $500 million annually. That revenue backed $15 billion in bonds for transit capital improvements across the MTA system.